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Hoje vamos entrar na classe do David e ouvir a explicação dele sobre como pronunciar frases em inglês.
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Friday Talk April 30, 2010 - English Stress and Intonation
SCRIPT
Tim: Okay, let's go into David's class and have him teach us about sentence stress and intonation; okay? Here we go!
@>---- go into = entrar
@>---- stress = ênfase
@>---- here we go = Aqui vamos nós
David: Hi! I'm David Barrett. I’m Tim's brother. And I'm going to explain to you something about stress intonation in phrases in English.
And sometimes what happens is we end up reading the phrases like we do in Portuguese and it sounds like a Brazilian. So I'm going to give you some tips of how you can pronounce phrases in English; so come with me. Actually, this is a theory from Jully Gillbert, and you can find her text on the internet; maybe Tim could stick it up on the site for you.
@>---- we end up = acabamos
@>---- sounds like = parece (tem o som de)
@>---- tips = dicas
@>---- stick (it) up = colocá-lo, postá-lo (na parede, na Internet)
But, anyways, let's separate it in “content words” (for you to understand this concept) and structure words. For example, the word "but" - not "butt" with 2 "t's! – “but”. Is “but” a content word or a structure word? Well, you can see I put it under the structure words so you know it's a structure word. But why is "but" a structure word? Do you know what "but" means, alone? What does it mean? It doesn’t really make sense; does it? If it's in the phrase, it makes sense; but if it's just "but" as a conjunction, by itself like that, it doesn’t really make sense.
@>---- content = conteúdo
@>---- structure = estrutura
@>---- but, conjunção = mas
@>---- butt = "traseiro"
@>---- Do you know what __ means? = Sabe o que significa __ ?
@>---- by itself = sozinho
@>---- like that = assim
@>---- make sense = fazer sentido
For example "and", "although"; even pronouns, for example, "it". “It” what? If you see it in a phrase, you'll know what it's talking about; but just "it" alone, you don't know what it is. So here we have the structure words, for example, there are many structure words.
And then we have the content words. Content words - they already give you a bigger meaning, just the word itself; for example, "car" would be a content word. Why? Because when you see the word "car" you think of a car right away. "Dog"; or a color, for example, "yellow"; or even a person's name, "David"; these are called content words.
@>---- meaning = significado
@>---- itself = em si
@>---- right away = imediatamente
And in a phrase, for example, "Did you buy a computer at the mall?", [I'm running out of space here] you won't pronounce it "Did - you - buy – a - computer - at - the - mall?" You won't pronounce it all the same. You'll give a bigger stress on certain words in the sentence. In what words do you give the bigger stress? For example, "Did you buy a computer at the mall?" What are these words here that I underlined? What do you think they are? They’re content words. Why? They give a bigger meaning; for example, the verb "buy", the word "computer", "mall". And these other words here - "did", "you", "a", "at", "the" - they would be what? Structure words! Consequently, when we read it, we don't say "Did - you - buy - a - computer - at - the – mall?” We say, "Did_you_BUY?” "Did_you_BUY a_COMPUTER?” See? “Did_you_BUY_a_COMPUTER_at_the_MALL?”
What do you pronounce more? You pronounce the “content words”; and these content words in this sentence are called “focus words”. “Focus words” are the most important words in a sentence, in a “thought group”.
@>---- focus = de foco
@>---- thought group = Veremos o que é um “thought group” na próxima semana!
MÉTODOS
